Decision Science is the collection of quantitative techniques that are used for decision-making at the individual and collective level. It include decision analysis, risk analysis, cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis, constrained optimization, simulation modeling, and behavioral decision theory, as well as parts of operations research, microeconomics, statistical inference, management control, cognitive and social psychology, and computer science. Unlike other disciplines (such as biostatistics, epidemiology, economics, engineering, and psychology), Decision Science involves a unique way of thinking that focuses on decisions as the defining unit of analysis, rather than on ascertaining truth about natural or social phenomena. While Decision Science incorporates elements of these and other disciplines, it provides a unique framework for understanding major public health problems, and for improving decisions to address those problems.